Ancient Pre-Columbian Ruins Found in Peru

A major archaeological discovery in northern Peru has uncovered previously unknown ruins at the ancient site of Gran Pajatén. Tucked away in the Río Abiseo National Park, the site is located high in the Andes and has long been associated with the Chachapoya, a culture often described as the people of the clouds.

The new findings emerged after a detailed investigation conducted between 2022 and 2024, led by the World Monuments Fund in Peru. Researchers used a mix of ground-based exploration and modern mapping tools to peer beneath the thick forest canopy—without disturbing the protected landscape.

The use of non-invasive technology, including high-resolution mapping systems, allowed researchers to uncover a network of stone structures that had remained hidden for centuries. Until now, only 26 buildings had been recorded at the site, most of them documented in the 1980s. This latest discovery dramatically expands that number and offers fresh insights into how the Chachapoya once lived and organized their communities.

From ceremonial site to thriving center

Previously thought to be a remote religious site, the new layout of Gran Pajatén suggests it played a far more active role. The recently mapped buildings appear to be part of a large settlement, possibly one of the region’s key centers. Researchers now believe Gran Pajatén was part of a wide-ranging network of villages and towns that connected the Chachapoya across the Andes.

Perched on a ridge above the Montecristi River valley, roughly 500 kilometers north of Lima, the site was first brought to international attention in the 1960s. It is especially known for its unique circular stone buildings decorated with intricate carvings that depict human figures and geometric designs.

Soil studies from the recent project have confirmed that the area was occupied at least as far back as the 14th century. There is also some evidence that humans may have lived there even earlier, though further studies are needed.

Traces of an ancient road system were also documented. These roads once linked Gran Pajatén with other important locations, including La Playa, Papayas, and Los Pinchudos, reinforcing the idea of a well-connected and organized civilization.

Conservation efforts and limited public access

As part of the initiative, conservation teams worked to stabilize and preserve the newly exposed structures. Vegetation was carefully cleared, damaged walls were reinforced, and stone features were cleaned and restored. Dr. Ricardo Morales Gamarra, who led the preservation work, emphasized that the goal was to protect the integrity of the site while preparing it for future study.

Despite the significance of the findings, Gran Pajatén remains closed to visitors because of its location in a sensitive ecological reserve. Public access is tightly restricted to protect the surrounding environment. However, those interested in learning more can visit a special exhibition organized by the World Monuments Fund. The exhibit runs at the Museo de Arte de Lima (MALI) from May 21 to June 18 and showcases detailed maps, photographs, and background on the discoveries.

This breakthrough reshapes the understanding of Chachapoya culture and its role in the ancient Andes. Gran Pajatén is no longer seen as an isolated site, but as part of a thriving and connected society that once flourished among the cloud forests.